Labelling Theory in Explaining Crime and Deviance - A2...

Using material from Item A and elsewhere, assess the usefulness of labelling theory in explaining crime and deviance. (21 marks) Labelling theorists are concerned with how and why certain people and actions come to be labelled as criminal or deviant, and what effects this has on those who are labelled as such. As stated in Item A, labelling theory is focused with how individuals construct society based on their interactions with each other. Becker emphasises the significance of crime being a social construct; an action only becomes criminal or deviant once society has labelled it so, and thus crime can be argued to be a social construction. He introduced the concept of a master label, referring to the label which a person is given which†¦show more content†¦The labelling model in the context of mental illness is concerned with the power of some groups in society to label other less powerful groups in a negative way, and label them negatively accordingly. Szasz and Scheff argue that mental illness is a socially constructed concept which is used to explain strange behaviour. To test this, Rosenhan asked 8 perfectly normal researchers to get admitted into psychiatric hospitals, and once they were admitted, they behaved perfectly normally, but remained treated as if they were mentally ill. This demonstrates the difficulties which people face in attempting to get rid of a label once it has been given by others in so ciety. However, labelling theory also receives many criticisms. It tends to be deterministic, inferring that once someone has been labelled as criminal, a deviant career is inevitable, whilst also shifting blame from the individual who is committing crime. Additionally, whilst it offers a reasonable explanation as to why secondary deviance occurs, it fails to explain why primary deviance is committed in the first place, before they are labelled. An alternative explanation would be the Marxist approach, who argue that the causes of crime are not due to labelling, but due to the oppression which working class people face. They argue that capitalism is criminogenic, as the very nature of capitalism is criminal as it is based on the exploitation of the working classes. By encouraging theShow MoreRelatedSociology A2 Revision 2012 34479 Words   |  18 Pagesï » ¿ Unit 3 exam: Wednesday 13th June, am Unit 4 exam: Tuesday 19th June, pm Easter Revision: tbc A2 Syllabus: AQA Sociology GCE (new specification) Unit 3: Mass Media (SCLY3) Worth 20% of your final A Level Written paper, 1 hour 30 minutes 60 marks available Unit 4: Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods (SCLY4) Worth 30% of your final A Level Written paper, 2 hours 90 marks available Timetable Use your revision checklists to draw up a timetable for revision leading up to the exam. MakeRead MoreExplain the Strengths and Weaknesses of One or More Criminological Theories for Explaining Crime in Contemporary Britain2651 Words   |  11 Pagesweaknesses of one or more criminological theories for explaining crime in contemporary Britain Word count:1,200 Outline plan * Explain in brief the purpose of this essay. * Define the biological theory. * Evaluate Lombroso’s theory and link it to contemporary Britain. Include statistical data. * Discuss Charles Goring’s critisms of Lombroso’s theory. * Evaluate Sheldon’s somatypes theory. * Describe and evaluate the biological chromosomes theory. * State how Patria Jacobs’ studyRead MoreSociology Essay20437 Words   |  82 PagesAS Sociology Sociology Nik Jorgensen Text  © Nelson Thornes Distance Learning 2010 Illustrations  © Nelson Thornes Distance Learning 2010 All rights reserved. The copyright holders authorise ONLY users of NTDL AS Sociology to make photocopies for their own or their students’ immediate use within the teaching context. No other rights are granted without permission in writing from the publisher or under licence from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited, of Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street

Student Debt Is Tough And Federal Loan - 865 Words

The qualifications for the program are tough and federal loan forgiveness only applies to federal Direct Loans, not private student loans. If the graduate is lucky enough to land a public service job the graduate must realize that there is no guarantee that the employment will still be around in ten years since no one truly knows how the program will work or if it will work at all. Val Meyers, associate director for the Office of Financial Aid at Michigan State University comments are recorded in Susan Tompers’ article â€Å"My Apologies: Forgiving Student Debt is Tough†: No one knows quite how this program will work yet, or if Congress may decide it costs more than they counted on and change it once they start the loan forgiveness in 2017, (qtd. in My Apologies: Forgiving student Debt is Tough). Student debt forgiveness is not the answer, for it is the cost that is the issue that needs to be addressed. As Robert Applebaum states in his short essay mentioned in the article â€Å"Student Loans: Should Some Indebtedness Be Forgiven?† tuition rates are increasing at ridiculous rates because colleges somehow feel that because the government makes it easy to get a loan it justifies their rising tuition costs (466). Instead of arguing for student loan forgiveness, perhaps protesters should refocus their attention at the paramount reason for needing student loans in the first place. The article,Show MoreRelatedStudent Loans : The Good, The Bad, And The Ugly899 Words   |  4 Pages Running Head: STUDENT LOANS: THE GOOD, THE BAD, AND THE UGLY. Brown-Gorham 1 Student Loans: The Good, The Bad, and the Ugly Da-Mosi Brown-Gorham English 101-23 Western Carolina University Running Head: STUDENT LOANS: THE GOOD, THE BAD, AND THE UGLY. Brown-Gorham 2 Most people are aware that federal student loans are a type of financial aid that must be repaid to the federal government, unlike grants or scholarships. Federal student loans are administered by the United States Government by way ofRead More College Student Loans Skyrocket Essay example747 Words   |  3 Pages If youre counting on government student loans to get you through college or graduate school, count on paying them back. The Education Department has become one of the toughest debt collectors around. Over the past decade, the agency has steadily expanded its arsenal for dealing with former students who dont repay. A 1998 change in federal law made it extremely difficult for people to escape student loans through personal bankruptcy. The Education Department also can now seize parts of borrowersRead MoreEffects Of Loans On Students By Suzanne Mettler1410 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of Loans on Students a. Sabotaging the American Dream Nowadays, the detriment in higher education has reached alarming levels. According to Suzanne Mettler, a political scientist at Cornell University, while students work hard on the side to be able to afford an education, they receive an inferior education because education has evolved into a caste system that doesn’t give them a chance to succeed. Mettler addresses this topic in her book, â€Å"Degrees of Inequality: How the Politics of HigherRead MoreHigh School Vs. The Federal Government1327 Words   |  6 Pagesgraduate with a degree and seek a career in the tough world as of late. In order to make this goal happen, many families sought the help of financial aid as a lifeline to avoid debt themselves due to the increasing tuition rates nowadays. The federal government has made it easier than ever to borrow money for higher education. As a matter of fact, there is currently over $1.2 trillion in total student loan debt, eclipsing the amount of credit card debt. The reason f or many families to borrow moneyRead MoreEducation Debt: The Problem and Solutions Essay1125 Words   |  5 Pagesthe ever-increasing tuition and ever-tighten federal student aid, the number of students relying on student loan to fund a college education hits a historical peak. According to a survey conducted by an independent and nonprofit organization, two-thirds of college seniors graduated with loans in 2010, and each of them carried an average of $25,250 in debt. (Reed et. al., par. 2). My research question will focus on the profound effect of education debt on American college graduates’ lives, and myRead MoreA College Student Debt Problem1595 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent kinds of loans that students can obtain to help them continue their education. Being able to expand their education so easily can come with a hefty price. Students come out of college with student debt up past their ears, and so many students have trouble paying those loans back because of the amou nt of loans and the number of payments that people have to make can rip their financial future apart. If more students had more options to help them avoid, minimize, and erase college debt this countryRead MoreStudent Loan Is A Terrible Idea1308 Words   |  6 PagesStudent loan forgiveness is a terrible idea. Sure, in an idealistic world it would be great if the country could forgive all student loan debt and thus bring relief to all students across the nation. Realistic? Not necessarily! Instead of the fairytale notion of student loan forgiveness being the answer to all the problems, America would fair better in taking the initiative in making reforms to the educational loan system that are a bit more realistic. Student loans are a massive predicament in theRead MoreGraduation Speech : College Loan Debt1126 Words   |  5 PagesWith college loan debt steadily increasing in the U.S each year, many of college students and graduates are forced into a corner. Many students cannot af ford college so they take out loans due to the increasingly competitive job market. By the time most students graduate they are in massive debt. The class of 2015 graduated with an average debt of $35,000 (Bennett Wilezol 76). Cumulative student loan debt within the country now stands at 1.2 trillion. It is now the largest non-mortgage type ofRead MoreAn Education Battle: Decreasing Amount of Scholarships1155 Words   |  5 PagesFor the last couple of years, students graduating high school have a hard time getting into college or even getting a job. Without a job, scholarship, or financial aid to help, it can be tough to pay for your education. Students are lead to lesser jobs and forced to not go to college because they can not afford tuition. A reason why these colleges ask for so much money is because they don’t have the funding to keep them afloat, so they bump up the prices to get in. School systems need more fundingRead MoreA Short Note On Unsecured Loans And Unsecu red Loan1126 Words   |  5 PagesSecured And Unsecured Loans In Bankruptcy By Christopher M | Submitted On June 27, 2011 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Christopher M When it comes to taking out a loan, you should know they

Newt Experiences at the Chetco River Free Essays

Newt experiences at the Chetco river There are many things that might come to mind when a person thinks about camping along the Chetco River. Things like swimming , roating marshmallows over a crackling fire while warming up from the cool summer breeze, or even just the smell of the good ole outdoors. For me, however, the Chetco River brings yet another thing to mind :poison. We will write a custom essay sample on Newt Experiences at the Chetco River or any similar topic only for you Order Now It all started on a warm summer evening in June of 2001. My family and I, as we always did this time of year,had been camping for 2 or 3 days. My brother,Ethan and I had found our usual perch im the shallow parts of the river catching frogs and Red- bellied newts. Suddenly, a billowing voice came floating through the evergreens and out to the river where Ethan and I stood. It was our mom. â€Å" Come and wash up and eat,† she shouted. So Ethan and I obediently ran up to our campsite. Now, our mom always warned us to wash our hands after playing in the river because we could get sick, and we most always obeyed in fear of getting some terrible disease or worse. This particular occasion however, Ethan went through the typical routine of pouring some water from a gallon jug on his hands,rubbing it all together with soap and rinsing. I however, thought in my little uneducated seven year old mind, that I was somehow above all of that nonsense about death and poison. So while my brother was actually washing his hands and scrubbing off the poisonous slime left behind by the newts, I chose to just pretend that I ws washing my hands so that I could eat quicker. So I , with my slime covered hands, happily scarfed down my hotdog. â€Å" See nothing happened, those newts can’t be poisonous. † I thought trying to convince myself that my mom was just over reacting. I went about my usual day running around the campsite, most likely driving any by-standers including my family insane. After about an hour of this ,I felt a sharp, intense pain in my side. I keeled over, gripping my gut. My mom, noticing that something wasn’t right, ran over to me. â€Å"what’s wrong? † â€Å" I don’t feel good,† I Explained. So she sent me to the tent to rest, assuming that I had just run around too much after eating. After an few hours of restlessly lying there, I didn’t feel any better. My stomach still felt like the Roman Coliseum on fight day. I couldn’t move. I tried to call out to my mom, but where the words should have been, there was just a moan of sheer agony. After a few minutes, I heard footsteps. Finally she was answering my silent plea. She walked into the tent only to find me a motionless sweaty mess. â€Å" I won’t be mad,† she started â€Å" but are you absolutely positive that you washed your hands really well before dinner? † Tears filled my eyes â€Å" I’m sorry! † I gasped â€Å" I lied. † â€Å" OK† was her only answer. With that , she sprung up and out of the tent. A few seconds later,i heard her voice talking to an inaudible listener. well she was out playing with newts and didn’t wash her hands before she ate and now she’s really sick. † Her voice trembled a bit. As my mom continued to explain my predicament over the phone, I got more frightened by the minute. A few minutes later, the sound of wheels and sirens came. They stopped when it sounded like t hey were in our campsite. Within seconds, two men who I had never seen before came rushing into the tent toward me with two big bags and what looked to me like an alien mask. One man situated himself right behind me and laid my head on his lap. The other went around to my side and told me that they were going to take good care of me. All I had to do was puke. In a flash a third worker, this one female,came in with a long cot. The three of them hoisted me up onto the stretcher and into the ambulance. After what seemed like a lifetime,we got to the Brookings Hospital. They took me into a little white room with all white walls and teddy bear wallpaper. I wasn’t sure exactly where I was, but I was too exhausted to think about it. A doctor came in. â€Å" What happened here? †he asked with a smile his face wrinkled with years of wisdom. we’re gonna fix you all up OK? We’ll just make sure you’re OK, and you’ll be better in no time. † After some time had passed, I was released from the hospital with little more than exhaustion and a stern warning to wash my hands before eating. We headed back to the campsite and continued our stay until the end of the week. The next day, I was fully recovered from my fiasco and Ethan and I went back to our everyday routine of catching newts and frogs, But this time, when mom called us for dinner, I was extra sure that my hands were clean. I never want to go through that again. How to cite Newt Experiences at the Chetco River, Essay examples